Preheat the oven to 450ºF. Roll out the dough according to package instructions to fit a round or rectangular baking pan.
In a skillet over medium heat, combine the oil, onions, and salt. Cook, stirring occasionally, for 10 minutes, or until brown. Add the sugar and vinegar. Cook for 10 minutes, or until the onions are deep brown and very soft.
Spread the onion mixture over the dough, leaving an edge for the crust. Top with the arugula, figs, and goat cheese. Bake for 15 minutes, or until the crust is golden. Remove from the oven. Drizzle balsamic vinegar on top.