Heat a large skillet over medium-high heat. Add the whole garlic cloves and toast for 5 minutes. Remove from the skillet, then smash and mince them.
Break up the turkey in a large bowl. Add the feta, saltines, and oregano. Gently mix together. In a small bowl, mix together the egg, tomato paste, and toasted garlic. Add to the meat mixture and thoroughly combine. Form into 24 meatballs.
Heat the oil in a large pot over medium heat. Add the meatballs (working in batches) and brown on two sides. Transfer to a plate.
Add the minced garlic and prosciutto to the pot. Cook, stirring frequently, for 1 minute, or until the garlic is golden. Add the wine and reduce by half. Add the tomatoes and 1 cup of water to thin the sauce. Bring to a simmer. Add the meatballs to the sauce and cook, loosely covered, for 15 minutes.
Add the remaining 6 cups water to the same pot, along with the salt. Bring to a simmer. Add the penne, cover loosely, and cook, stirring frequently, for 15 minutes, or until the pasta is tender. Uncover and simmer until the sauce thickens. Adjust the seasoning to taste. Garnish each portion with feta and serve.